使用多对多链接创建模型¶
现在我们将使用链接表来支持多对多关系，就像这样
让我们从定义类模型开始，包括链接表模型。
链接表模型¶
因为我们想要支持多对多关系，现在我们需要一个链接表来连接它们。
我们可以像创建任何其他 SQLModel 一样创建它
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
team_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True)
hero_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True)
# Code below omitted 👇
👀 完整文件预览
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
team_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True)
hero_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True)
class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
headquarters: str
heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
secret_name: str
age: int | None = Field(default=None, index=True)
teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"
engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)
def create_db_and_tables():
SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
def create_heroes():
with Session(engine) as session:
team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")
hero_deadpond = Hero(
name="Deadpond",
secret_name="Dive Wilson",
teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
)
hero_rusty_man = Hero(
name="Rusty-Man",
secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
age=48,
teams=[team_preventers],
)
hero_spider_boy = Hero(
name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
)
session.add(hero_deadpond)
session.add(hero_rusty_man)
session.add(hero_spider_boy)
session.commit()
session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)
print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)
def main():
create_db_and_tables()
create_heroes()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
🤓 其他版本和变体
from typing import Optional
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
)
hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
)
class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
headquarters: str
heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
secret_name: str
age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)
teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"
engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)
def create_db_and_tables():
SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
def create_heroes():
with Session(engine) as session:
team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")
hero_deadpond = Hero(
name="Deadpond",
secret_name="Dive Wilson",
teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
)
hero_rusty_man = Hero(
name="Rusty-Man",
secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
age=48,
teams=[team_preventers],
)
hero_spider_boy = Hero(
name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
)
session.add(hero_deadpond)
session.add(hero_rusty_man)
session.add(hero_spider_boy)
session.commit()
session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)
print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)
def main():
create_db_and_tables()
create_heroes()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
from typing import List, Optional
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
)
hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
)
class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
headquarters: str
heroes: List["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
secret_name: str
age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)
teams: List[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"
engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)
def create_db_and_tables():
SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
def create_heroes():
with Session(engine) as session:
team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")
hero_deadpond = Hero(
name="Deadpond",
secret_name="Dive Wilson",
teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
)
hero_rusty_man = Hero(
name="Rusty-Man",
secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
age=48,
teams=[team_preventers],
)
hero_spider_boy = Hero(
name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
)
session.add(hero_deadpond)
session.add(hero_rusty_man)
session.add(hero_spider_boy)
session.commit()
session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)
print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)
def main():
create_db_and_tables()
create_heroes()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
这是一个 SQLModel 类模型表，就像任何其他表一样。
它有两个字段，team_id 和 hero_id。
它们都是各自表的外键。我们将在稍后创建这些模型，但您已经知道它是如何工作的。
并且两个字段都是主键。我们以前没有用过这个。🤓
团队模型¶
让我们看看 Team 模型，它几乎与之前相同，但有一点变化
# Code above omitted 👆
class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
headquarters: str
heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
# Code below omitted 👇
👀 完整文件预览
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
team_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True)
hero_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True)
class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
headquarters: str
heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
secret_name: str
age: int | None = Field(default=None, index=True)
teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"
engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)
def create_db_and_tables():
SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
def create_heroes():
with Session(engine) as session:
team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")
hero_deadpond = Hero(
name="Deadpond",
secret_name="Dive Wilson",
teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
)
hero_rusty_man = Hero(
name="Rusty-Man",
secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
age=48,
teams=[team_preventers],
)
hero_spider_boy = Hero(
name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
)
session.add(hero_deadpond)
session.add(hero_rusty_man)
session.add(hero_spider_boy)
session.commit()
session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)
print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)
def main():
create_db_and_tables()
create_heroes()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
🤓 其他版本和变体
from typing import Optional
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
)
hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
)
class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
headquarters: str
heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
secret_name: str
age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)
teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"
engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)
def create_db_and_tables():
SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
def create_heroes():
with Session(engine) as session:
team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")
hero_deadpond = Hero(
name="Deadpond",
secret_name="Dive Wilson",
teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
)
hero_rusty_man = Hero(
name="Rusty-Man",
secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
age=48,
teams=[team_preventers],
)
hero_spider_boy = Hero(
name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
)
session.add(hero_deadpond)
session.add(hero_rusty_man)
session.add(hero_spider_boy)
session.commit()
session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)
print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)
def main():
create_db_and_tables()
create_heroes()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
from typing import List, Optional
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
)
hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
)
class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
headquarters: str
heroes: List["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
secret_name: str
age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)
teams: List[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"
engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)
def create_db_and_tables():
SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
def create_heroes():
with Session(engine) as session:
team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")
hero_deadpond = Hero(
name="Deadpond",
secret_name="Dive Wilson",
teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
)
hero_rusty_man = Hero(
name="Rusty-Man",
secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
age=48,
teams=[team_preventers],
)
hero_spider_boy = Hero(
name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
)
session.add(hero_deadpond)
session.add(hero_rusty_man)
session.add(hero_spider_boy)
session.commit()
session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)
print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)
def main():
create_db_and_tables()
create_heroes()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
关系属性 heroes 仍然是英雄列表，注解为 list["Hero"]。同样，我们在引号中使用 "Hero"，因为在这个代码点我们尚未声明该类（但如您所知，编辑器和 SQLModel 理解这一点）。
我们使用相同的 Relationship() 函数。
我们使用 back_populates="teams"。之前我们引用了一个属性 team，但现在我们可以有多个，因此在创建 Hero 模型时，我们将其重命名为 teams。
这是允许多对多关系的重要部分，我们使用 link_model=HeroTeamLink。就是这样。✨
英雄模型¶
让我们看看另一边，这是 Hero 模型
# Code above omitted 👆
class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
secret_name: str
age: int | None = Field(default=None, index=True)
teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
# Code below omitted 👇
👀 完整文件预览
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
team_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True)
hero_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True)
class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
headquarters: str
heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
secret_name: str
age: int | None = Field(default=None, index=True)
teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"
engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)
def create_db_and_tables():
SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
def create_heroes():
with Session(engine) as session:
team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")
hero_deadpond = Hero(
name="Deadpond",
secret_name="Dive Wilson",
teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
)
hero_rusty_man = Hero(
name="Rusty-Man",
secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
age=48,
teams=[team_preventers],
)
hero_spider_boy = Hero(
name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
)
session.add(hero_deadpond)
session.add(hero_rusty_man)
session.add(hero_spider_boy)
session.commit()
session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)
print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)
def main():
create_db_and_tables()
create_heroes()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
🤓 其他版本和变体
from typing import Optional
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
)
hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
)
class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
headquarters: str
heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
secret_name: str
age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)
teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"
engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)
def create_db_and_tables():
SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
def create_heroes():
with Session(engine) as session:
team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")
hero_deadpond = Hero(
name="Deadpond",
secret_name="Dive Wilson",
teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
)
hero_rusty_man = Hero(
name="Rusty-Man",
secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
age=48,
teams=[team_preventers],
)
hero_spider_boy = Hero(
name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
)
session.add(hero_deadpond)
session.add(hero_rusty_man)
session.add(hero_spider_boy)
session.commit()
session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)
print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)
def main():
create_db_and_tables()
create_heroes()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
from typing import List, Optional
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
)
hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
)
class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
headquarters: str
heroes: List["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
secret_name: str
age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)
teams: List[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"
engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)
def create_db_and_tables():
SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
def create_heroes():
with Session(engine) as session:
team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")
hero_deadpond = Hero(
name="Deadpond",
secret_name="Dive Wilson",
teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
)
hero_rusty_man = Hero(
name="Rusty-Man",
secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
age=48,
teams=[team_preventers],
)
hero_spider_boy = Hero(
name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
)
session.add(hero_deadpond)
session.add(hero_rusty_man)
session.add(hero_spider_boy)
session.commit()
session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)
print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)
def main():
create_db_and_tables()
create_heroes()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
我们移除了之前的 team_id 字段（列），因为现在关系是通过链接表完成的。🔥
关系属性现在被命名为 teams 而不是 team，因为现在我们支持多个团队。
它不再是 Optional[Team] 而是团队列表，注解为 list[Team]。
我们在这里也使用 Relationship()。
我们仍然有 back_populates="heroes" 和之前一样。
现在我们有了 link_model=HeroTeamLink。✨
创建表¶
和之前一样，我们将有其余的代码来创建引擎，以及一个创建所有表的函数 create_db_and_tables()。
# Code above omitted 👆
sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"
engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)
def create_db_and_tables():
SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
# Code below omitted 👇
👀 完整文件预览
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
team_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True)
hero_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True)
class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
headquarters: str
heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
secret_name: str
age: int | None = Field(default=None, index=True)
teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"
engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)
def create_db_and_tables():
SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
def create_heroes():
with Session(engine) as session:
team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")
hero_deadpond = Hero(
name="Deadpond",
secret_name="Dive Wilson",
teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
)
hero_rusty_man = Hero(
name="Rusty-Man",
secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
age=48,
teams=[team_preventers],
)
hero_spider_boy = Hero(
name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
)
session.add(hero_deadpond)
session.add(hero_rusty_man)
session.add(hero_spider_boy)
session.commit()
session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)
print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)
def main():
create_db_and_tables()
create_heroes()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
🤓 其他版本和变体
from typing import Optional
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
)
hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
)
class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
headquarters: str
heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
secret_name: str
age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)
teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"
engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)
def create_db_and_tables():
SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
def create_heroes():
with Session(engine) as session:
team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")
hero_deadpond = Hero(
name="Deadpond",
secret_name="Dive Wilson",
teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
)
hero_rusty_man = Hero(
name="Rusty-Man",
secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
age=48,
teams=[team_preventers],
)
hero_spider_boy = Hero(
name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
)
session.add(hero_deadpond)
session.add(hero_rusty_man)
session.add(hero_spider_boy)
session.commit()
session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)
print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)
def main():
create_db_and_tables()
create_heroes()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
from typing import List, Optional
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
)
hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
)
class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
headquarters: str
heroes: List["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
secret_name: str
age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)
teams: List[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"
engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)
def create_db_and_tables():
SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
def create_heroes():
with Session(engine) as session:
team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")
hero_deadpond = Hero(
name="Deadpond",
secret_name="Dive Wilson",
teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
)
hero_rusty_man = Hero(
name="Rusty-Man",
secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
age=48,
teams=[team_preventers],
)
hero_spider_boy = Hero(
name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
)
session.add(hero_deadpond)
session.add(hero_rusty_man)
session.add(hero_spider_boy)
session.commit()
session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)
print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)
def main():
create_db_and_tables()
create_heroes()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
和之前的示例一样，我们将该函数添加到函数 main() 中，并且我们将在主块中调用该 main() 函数
# Code above omitted 👆
def main():
create_db_and_tables()
# Code here omitted 👈
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
👀 完整文件预览
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
team_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True)
hero_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True)
class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
headquarters: str
heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
secret_name: str
age: int | None = Field(default=None, index=True)
teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"
engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)
def create_db_and_tables():
SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
def create_heroes():
with Session(engine) as session:
team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")
hero_deadpond = Hero(
name="Deadpond",
secret_name="Dive Wilson",
teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
)
hero_rusty_man = Hero(
name="Rusty-Man",
secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
age=48,
teams=[team_preventers],
)
hero_spider_boy = Hero(
name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
)
session.add(hero_deadpond)
session.add(hero_rusty_man)
session.add(hero_spider_boy)
session.commit()
session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)
print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)
def main():
create_db_and_tables()
create_heroes()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
🤓 其他版本和变体
from typing import Optional
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
)
hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
)
class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
headquarters: str
heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
secret_name: str
age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)
teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"
engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)
def create_db_and_tables():
SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
def create_heroes():
with Session(engine) as session:
team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")
hero_deadpond = Hero(
name="Deadpond",
secret_name="Dive Wilson",
teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
)
hero_rusty_man = Hero(
name="Rusty-Man",
secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
age=48,
teams=[team_preventers],
)
hero_spider_boy = Hero(
name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
)
session.add(hero_deadpond)
session.add(hero_rusty_man)
session.add(hero_spider_boy)
session.commit()
session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)
print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)
def main():
create_db_and_tables()
create_heroes()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
from typing import List, Optional
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine
class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
)
hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
)
class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
headquarters: str
heroes: List["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
name: str = Field(index=True)
secret_name: str
age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)
teams: List[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)
sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"
engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)
def create_db_and_tables():
SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)
def create_heroes():
with Session(engine) as session:
team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")
hero_deadpond = Hero(
name="Deadpond",
secret_name="Dive Wilson",
teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
)
hero_rusty_man = Hero(
name="Rusty-Man",
secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
age=48,
teams=[team_preventers],
)
hero_spider_boy = Hero(
name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
)
session.add(hero_deadpond)
session.add(hero_rusty_man)
session.add(hero_spider_boy)
session.commit()
session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)
print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)
def main():
create_db_and_tables()
create_heroes()
if __name__ == "__main__":
main()
运行代码¶
如果您在命令行中运行代码，它将输出
$ python app.py
// Boilerplate omitted 😉
INFO Engine
CREATE TABLE team (
id INTEGER,
name VARCHAR NOT NULL,
headquarters VARCHAR NOT NULL,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
)
INFO Engine [no key 0.00033s] ()
INFO Engine
CREATE TABLE hero (
id INTEGER,
name VARCHAR NOT NULL,
secret_name VARCHAR NOT NULL,
age INTEGER,
PRIMARY KEY (id)
)
INFO Engine [no key 0.00016s] ()
INFO Engine
// Our shinny new link table ✨
CREATE TABLE heroteamlink (
team_id INTEGER,
hero_id INTEGER,
PRIMARY KEY (team_id, hero_id),
FOREIGN KEY(team_id) REFERENCES team (id),
FOREIGN KEY(hero_id) REFERENCES hero (id)
)
INFO Engine [no key 0.00031s] ()
INFO Engine COMMIT
回顾¶
我们可以通过声明链接表来支持表之间的多对多关系。
我们可以像使用其他 SQLModel 类一样创建它，然后在 Relationship() 的 link_model 参数中使用它。
现在让我们在接下来的章节中使用这些模型处理数据。🤓