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使用多对多关系创建数据

让我们从上次停止的地方继续,创建一些数据。

我们将为具有链接表的这个相同的多对多关系创建数据

many-to-many table relationships

我们将从上次停止的地方继续之前的代码。

👀 完整文件预览
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine


class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
    team_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True)
    hero_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True)


class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    headquarters: str

    heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    secret_name: str
    age: int | None = Field(default=None, index=True)

    teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"

engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)


def create_db_and_tables():
    SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)


def create_heroes():
    with Session(engine) as session:
        team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
        team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")

        hero_deadpond = Hero(
            name="Deadpond",
            secret_name="Dive Wilson",
            teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
        )
        hero_rusty_man = Hero(
            name="Rusty-Man",
            secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
            age=48,
            teams=[team_preventers],
        )
        hero_spider_boy = Hero(
            name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
        )
        session.add(hero_deadpond)
        session.add(hero_rusty_man)
        session.add(hero_spider_boy)
        session.commit()

        session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
        session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
        session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)

        print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
        print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
        print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
        print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
        print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
        print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)


def main():
    create_db_and_tables()
    create_heroes()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
🤓 其他版本和变体
from typing import Optional

from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine


class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
    team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
        default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
    )
    hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
        default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
    )


class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    headquarters: str

    heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    secret_name: str
    age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)

    teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"

engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)


def create_db_and_tables():
    SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)


def create_heroes():
    with Session(engine) as session:
        team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
        team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")

        hero_deadpond = Hero(
            name="Deadpond",
            secret_name="Dive Wilson",
            teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
        )
        hero_rusty_man = Hero(
            name="Rusty-Man",
            secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
            age=48,
            teams=[team_preventers],
        )
        hero_spider_boy = Hero(
            name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
        )
        session.add(hero_deadpond)
        session.add(hero_rusty_man)
        session.add(hero_spider_boy)
        session.commit()

        session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
        session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
        session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)

        print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
        print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
        print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
        print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
        print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
        print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)


def main():
    create_db_and_tables()
    create_heroes()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
from typing import List, Optional

from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine


class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
    team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
        default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
    )
    hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
        default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
    )


class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    headquarters: str

    heroes: List["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    secret_name: str
    age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)

    teams: List[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"

engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)


def create_db_and_tables():
    SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)


def create_heroes():
    with Session(engine) as session:
        team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
        team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")

        hero_deadpond = Hero(
            name="Deadpond",
            secret_name="Dive Wilson",
            teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
        )
        hero_rusty_man = Hero(
            name="Rusty-Man",
            secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
            age=48,
            teams=[team_preventers],
        )
        hero_spider_boy = Hero(
            name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
        )
        session.add(hero_deadpond)
        session.add(hero_rusty_man)
        session.add(hero_spider_boy)
        session.commit()

        session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
        session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
        session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)

        print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
        print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
        print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
        print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
        print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
        print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)


def main():
    create_db_and_tables()
    create_heroes()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

创建英雄

正如我们之前所做的那样,我们将创建一个函数 create_heroes(),并在其中创建一些团队和英雄

# Code above omitted 👆

def create_heroes():
    with Session(engine) as session:
        team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
        team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")

        hero_deadpond = Hero(
            name="Deadpond",
            secret_name="Dive Wilson",
            teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
        )
        hero_rusty_man = Hero(
            name="Rusty-Man",
            secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
            age=48,
            teams=[team_preventers],
        )
        hero_spider_boy = Hero(
            name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
        )

# Code below omitted 👇
👀 完整文件预览
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine


class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
    team_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True)
    hero_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True)


class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    headquarters: str

    heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    secret_name: str
    age: int | None = Field(default=None, index=True)

    teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"

engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)


def create_db_and_tables():
    SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)


def create_heroes():
    with Session(engine) as session:
        team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
        team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")

        hero_deadpond = Hero(
            name="Deadpond",
            secret_name="Dive Wilson",
            teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
        )
        hero_rusty_man = Hero(
            name="Rusty-Man",
            secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
            age=48,
            teams=[team_preventers],
        )
        hero_spider_boy = Hero(
            name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
        )
        session.add(hero_deadpond)
        session.add(hero_rusty_man)
        session.add(hero_spider_boy)
        session.commit()

        session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
        session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
        session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)

        print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
        print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
        print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
        print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
        print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
        print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)


def main():
    create_db_and_tables()
    create_heroes()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
🤓 其他版本和变体
from typing import Optional

from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine


class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
    team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
        default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
    )
    hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
        default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
    )


class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    headquarters: str

    heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    secret_name: str
    age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)

    teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"

engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)


def create_db_and_tables():
    SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)


def create_heroes():
    with Session(engine) as session:
        team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
        team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")

        hero_deadpond = Hero(
            name="Deadpond",
            secret_name="Dive Wilson",
            teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
        )
        hero_rusty_man = Hero(
            name="Rusty-Man",
            secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
            age=48,
            teams=[team_preventers],
        )
        hero_spider_boy = Hero(
            name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
        )
        session.add(hero_deadpond)
        session.add(hero_rusty_man)
        session.add(hero_spider_boy)
        session.commit()

        session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
        session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
        session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)

        print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
        print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
        print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
        print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
        print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
        print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)


def main():
    create_db_and_tables()
    create_heroes()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
from typing import List, Optional

from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine


class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
    team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
        default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
    )
    hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
        default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
    )


class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    headquarters: str

    heroes: List["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    secret_name: str
    age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)

    teams: List[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"

engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)


def create_db_and_tables():
    SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)


def create_heroes():
    with Session(engine) as session:
        team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
        team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")

        hero_deadpond = Hero(
            name="Deadpond",
            secret_name="Dive Wilson",
            teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
        )
        hero_rusty_man = Hero(
            name="Rusty-Man",
            secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
            age=48,
            teams=[team_preventers],
        )
        hero_spider_boy = Hero(
            name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
        )
        session.add(hero_deadpond)
        session.add(hero_rusty_man)
        session.add(hero_spider_boy)
        session.commit()

        session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
        session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
        session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)

        print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
        print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
        print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
        print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
        print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
        print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)


def main():
    create_db_and_tables()
    create_heroes()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

这与我们之前所做的非常相似。

我们创建几个团队,然后创建三个英雄。

唯一的新细节是,我们现在使用 teams 而不是使用参数 team,因为这是新关系属性的名称。更重要的是,我们传递一个团队列表(即使它只包含一个团队)。

看看 Deadpond 现在如何属于两个团队?

提交、刷新和打印

现在让我们像之前那样做,commit sessionrefresh 数据,并打印它

# Code above omitted 👆

def create_heroes():
    with Session(engine) as session:
        team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
        team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")

        hero_deadpond = Hero(
            name="Deadpond",
            secret_name="Dive Wilson",
            teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
        )
        hero_rusty_man = Hero(
            name="Rusty-Man",
            secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
            age=48,
            teams=[team_preventers],
        )
        hero_spider_boy = Hero(
            name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
        )
        session.add(hero_deadpond)
        session.add(hero_rusty_man)
        session.add(hero_spider_boy)
        session.commit()

        session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
        session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
        session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)

        print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
        print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
        print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
        print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
        print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
        print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)

# Code below omitted 👇
👀 完整文件预览
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine


class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
    team_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True)
    hero_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True)


class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    headquarters: str

    heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    secret_name: str
    age: int | None = Field(default=None, index=True)

    teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"

engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)


def create_db_and_tables():
    SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)


def create_heroes():
    with Session(engine) as session:
        team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
        team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")

        hero_deadpond = Hero(
            name="Deadpond",
            secret_name="Dive Wilson",
            teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
        )
        hero_rusty_man = Hero(
            name="Rusty-Man",
            secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
            age=48,
            teams=[team_preventers],
        )
        hero_spider_boy = Hero(
            name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
        )
        session.add(hero_deadpond)
        session.add(hero_rusty_man)
        session.add(hero_spider_boy)
        session.commit()

        session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
        session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
        session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)

        print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
        print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
        print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
        print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
        print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
        print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)


def main():
    create_db_and_tables()
    create_heroes()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
🤓 其他版本和变体
from typing import Optional

from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine


class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
    team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
        default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
    )
    hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
        default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
    )


class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    headquarters: str

    heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    secret_name: str
    age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)

    teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"

engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)


def create_db_and_tables():
    SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)


def create_heroes():
    with Session(engine) as session:
        team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
        team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")

        hero_deadpond = Hero(
            name="Deadpond",
            secret_name="Dive Wilson",
            teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
        )
        hero_rusty_man = Hero(
            name="Rusty-Man",
            secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
            age=48,
            teams=[team_preventers],
        )
        hero_spider_boy = Hero(
            name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
        )
        session.add(hero_deadpond)
        session.add(hero_rusty_man)
        session.add(hero_spider_boy)
        session.commit()

        session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
        session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
        session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)

        print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
        print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
        print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
        print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
        print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
        print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)


def main():
    create_db_and_tables()
    create_heroes()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
from typing import List, Optional

from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine


class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
    team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
        default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
    )
    hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
        default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
    )


class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    headquarters: str

    heroes: List["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    secret_name: str
    age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)

    teams: List[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"

engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)


def create_db_and_tables():
    SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)


def create_heroes():
    with Session(engine) as session:
        team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
        team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")

        hero_deadpond = Hero(
            name="Deadpond",
            secret_name="Dive Wilson",
            teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
        )
        hero_rusty_man = Hero(
            name="Rusty-Man",
            secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
            age=48,
            teams=[team_preventers],
        )
        hero_spider_boy = Hero(
            name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
        )
        session.add(hero_deadpond)
        session.add(hero_rusty_man)
        session.add(hero_spider_boy)
        session.commit()

        session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
        session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
        session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)

        print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
        print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
        print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
        print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
        print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
        print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)


def main():
    create_db_and_tables()
    create_heroes()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

添加到 Main

和之前一样,将 create_heroes() 函数添加到 main() 函数中,以确保从命令行运行此程序时调用它

# Code above omitted 👆

def main():
    create_db_and_tables()
    create_heroes()

# Code below omitted 👇
👀 完整文件预览
from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine


class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
    team_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True)
    hero_id: int | None = Field(default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True)


class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    headquarters: str

    heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: int | None = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    secret_name: str
    age: int | None = Field(default=None, index=True)

    teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"

engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)


def create_db_and_tables():
    SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)


def create_heroes():
    with Session(engine) as session:
        team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
        team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")

        hero_deadpond = Hero(
            name="Deadpond",
            secret_name="Dive Wilson",
            teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
        )
        hero_rusty_man = Hero(
            name="Rusty-Man",
            secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
            age=48,
            teams=[team_preventers],
        )
        hero_spider_boy = Hero(
            name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
        )
        session.add(hero_deadpond)
        session.add(hero_rusty_man)
        session.add(hero_spider_boy)
        session.commit()

        session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
        session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
        session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)

        print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
        print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
        print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
        print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
        print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
        print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)


def main():
    create_db_and_tables()
    create_heroes()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
🤓 其他版本和变体
from typing import Optional

from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine


class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
    team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
        default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
    )
    hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
        default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
    )


class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    headquarters: str

    heroes: list["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    secret_name: str
    age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)

    teams: list[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"

engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)


def create_db_and_tables():
    SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)


def create_heroes():
    with Session(engine) as session:
        team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
        team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")

        hero_deadpond = Hero(
            name="Deadpond",
            secret_name="Dive Wilson",
            teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
        )
        hero_rusty_man = Hero(
            name="Rusty-Man",
            secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
            age=48,
            teams=[team_preventers],
        )
        hero_spider_boy = Hero(
            name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
        )
        session.add(hero_deadpond)
        session.add(hero_rusty_man)
        session.add(hero_spider_boy)
        session.commit()

        session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
        session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
        session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)

        print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
        print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
        print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
        print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
        print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
        print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)


def main():
    create_db_and_tables()
    create_heroes()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()
from typing import List, Optional

from sqlmodel import Field, Relationship, Session, SQLModel, create_engine


class HeroTeamLink(SQLModel, table=True):
    team_id: Optional[int] = Field(
        default=None, foreign_key="team.id", primary_key=True
    )
    hero_id: Optional[int] = Field(
        default=None, foreign_key="hero.id", primary_key=True
    )


class Team(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    headquarters: str

    heroes: List["Hero"] = Relationship(back_populates="teams", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


class Hero(SQLModel, table=True):
    id: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, primary_key=True)
    name: str = Field(index=True)
    secret_name: str
    age: Optional[int] = Field(default=None, index=True)

    teams: List[Team] = Relationship(back_populates="heroes", link_model=HeroTeamLink)


sqlite_file_name = "database.db"
sqlite_url = f"sqlite:///{sqlite_file_name}"

engine = create_engine(sqlite_url, echo=True)


def create_db_and_tables():
    SQLModel.metadata.create_all(engine)


def create_heroes():
    with Session(engine) as session:
        team_preventers = Team(name="Preventers", headquarters="Sharp Tower")
        team_z_force = Team(name="Z-Force", headquarters="Sister Margaret's Bar")

        hero_deadpond = Hero(
            name="Deadpond",
            secret_name="Dive Wilson",
            teams=[team_z_force, team_preventers],
        )
        hero_rusty_man = Hero(
            name="Rusty-Man",
            secret_name="Tommy Sharp",
            age=48,
            teams=[team_preventers],
        )
        hero_spider_boy = Hero(
            name="Spider-Boy", secret_name="Pedro Parqueador", teams=[team_preventers]
        )
        session.add(hero_deadpond)
        session.add(hero_rusty_man)
        session.add(hero_spider_boy)
        session.commit()

        session.refresh(hero_deadpond)
        session.refresh(hero_rusty_man)
        session.refresh(hero_spider_boy)

        print("Deadpond:", hero_deadpond)
        print("Deadpond teams:", hero_deadpond.teams)
        print("Rusty-Man:", hero_rusty_man)
        print("Rusty-Man Teams:", hero_rusty_man.teams)
        print("Spider-Boy:", hero_spider_boy)
        print("Spider-Boy Teams:", hero_spider_boy.teams)


def main():
    create_db_and_tables()
    create_heroes()


if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

运行程序

如果我们从命令行运行程序,它将输出

$ python app.py

// Previous output omitted 🙈

// Automatically start a new transaction
INFO Engine BEGIN (implicit)
// Insert the hero data first
INFO Engine INSERT INTO hero (name, secret_name, age) VALUES (?, ?, ?)
INFO Engine [generated in 0.00041s] ('Deadpond', 'Dive Wilson', None)
INFO Engine INSERT INTO hero (name, secret_name, age) VALUES (?, ?, ?)
INFO Engine [cached since 0.001942s ago] ('Rusty-Man', 'Tommy Sharp', 48)
INFO Engine INSERT INTO hero (name, secret_name, age) VALUES (?, ?, ?)
INFO Engine [cached since 0.002541s ago] ('Spider-Boy', 'Pedro Parqueador', None)
// Insert the team data second
INFO Engine INSERT INTO team (name, headquarters) VALUES (?, ?)
INFO Engine [generated in 0.00037s] ('Z-Force', 'Sister Margaret's Bar')
INFO Engine INSERT INTO team (name, headquarters) VALUES (?, ?)
INFO Engine [cached since 0.001239s ago] ('Preventers', 'Sharp Tower')
// Insert the link data last, to be able to re-use the created IDs
INFO Engine INSERT INTO heroteamlink (team_id, hero_id) VALUES (?, ?)
INFO Engine [generated in 0.00026s] ((2, 3), (1, 1), (2, 1), (2, 2))
// Commit and save the data in the database
INFO Engine COMMIT

// Automatically start a new transaction
INFO Engine BEGIN (implicit)
// Refresh the data
INFO Engine SELECT hero.id, hero.name, hero.secret_name, hero.age
FROM hero
WHERE hero.id = ?
INFO Engine [generated in 0.00019s] (1,)
INFO Engine SELECT hero.id, hero.name, hero.secret_name, hero.age
FROM hero
WHERE hero.id = ?
INFO Engine [cached since 0.001959s ago] (2,)
INFO Engine SELECT hero.id, hero.name, hero.secret_name, hero.age
FROM hero
WHERE hero.id = ?
INFO Engine [cached since 0.003215s ago] (3,)

// Print Deadpond
Deadpond: name='Deadpond' age=None id=1 secret_name='Dive Wilson'

// Accessing the .team attribute triggers a refresh
INFO Engine SELECT team.id AS team_id, team.name AS team_name, team.headquarters AS team_headquarters
FROM team, heroteamlink
WHERE ? = heroteamlink.hero_id AND team.id = heroteamlink.team_id
INFO Engine [generated in 0.00025s] (1,)

// Print Deadpond's teams, 2 teams! 🎉
Deadpond teams: [Team(id=1, name='Z-Force', headquarters='Sister Margaret's Bar'), Team(id=2, name='Preventers', headquarters='Sharp Tower')]

// Print Rusty-Man
Rusty-Man: name='Rusty-Man' age=48 id=2 secret_name='Tommy Sharp'

// Accessing the .team attribute triggers a refresh
INFO Engine SELECT team.id AS team_id, team.name AS team_name, team.headquarters AS team_headquarters
FROM team, heroteamlink
WHERE ? = heroteamlink.hero_id AND team.id = heroteamlink.team_id
INFO Engine [cached since 0.001716s ago] (2,)

// Print Rusty-Man teams, just one, but still a list
Rusty-Man Teams: [Team(id=2, name='Preventers', headquarters='Sharp Tower')]

// Print Spider-Boy
Spider-Boy: name='Spider-Boy' age=None id=3 secret_name='Pedro Parqueador'

// Accessing the .team attribute triggers a refresh
INFO Engine SELECT team.id AS team_id, team.name AS team_name, team.headquarters AS team_headquarters
FROM team, heroteamlink
WHERE ? = heroteamlink.hero_id AND team.id = heroteamlink.team_id
INFO Engine [cached since 0.002739s ago] (3,)

// Print Spider-Boy's teams, just one, but still a list
Spider-Boy Teams: [Team(id=2, name='Preventers', headquarters='Sharp Tower')]

// Automatic roll back any previous automatic transaction, at the end of the with block
INFO Engine ROLLBACK

回顾

设置模型链接后,将它与关系属性一起使用非常简单,就像 Python 对象一样。✨